PHP5添加了一项新的功能:Reflection。这个功能使得程序员可以reverse-engineer class, interface,function,method and extension。通过PHP代码,就可以得到某object的所有信息,并且可以和它交互。
假设有一个类Person:
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						class Person {   	/**       * For the sake of demonstration, we"re setting this private      */      private $_allowDynamicAttributes = false;     /** type=primary_autoincrement */     protected $id = 0;     /** type=varchar length=255 null */     protected $name;     /** type=text null */     protected $biography;         public function getId()         {         	return $this->id;         }         public function setId($v)         {            	$this->id = $v;         }         public function getName()         {        		return $this->name;         }         public function setName($v)         {          	$this->name = $v;         }         public function getBiography()         {           	return $this->biography;         }         public function setBiography($v)         {          	$this->biography = $v;         } }  | 
					
通过ReflectionClass,我们可以得到Person类的以下信息:
- 常量 Contants
 - 属性 Property Names
 - 方法 Method Names
 - 静态属性 Static Properties
 - 命名空间 Namespace
 - Person类是否为final或者abstract
 
只要把类名”Person”传递给ReflectionClass就可以了:
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						$class = new ReflectionClass('Person');  | 
					
获取属性(Properties):
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						$properties = $class->getProperties(); foreach($properties as $property) {     echo $property->getName()."n"; } // 输出: // _allowDynamicAttributes // id // name // biography  | 
					
默认情况下,ReflectionClass会获取到所有的属性,private 和 protected的也可以。如果只想获取到private属性,就要额外传个参数:
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						$private_properties = $class->getProperties(ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE);  | 
					
可用参数列表:
- ReflectionProperty::IS_STATIC
 - ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC
 - ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED
 - ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE
 
如果要同时获取public 和private 属性,就这样写:ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC | ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED
应该不会感觉陌生吧。
通过$property->getName()可以得到属性名,通过getDocComment可以得到写给property的注释。
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						foreach($properties as $property) {     if($property->isProtected()) {         $docblock = $property->getDocComment();         preg_match('/ type=([a-z_]*) /', $property->getDocComment(), $matches);         echo $matches[1]."n";     } } // Output: // primary_autoincrement // varchar // text  | 
					
有点不可思议了吧。竟然连注释都可以取到。
获取方法(methods):通过getMethods() 来获取到类的所有methods。返回的是ReflectionMethod对象的数组。不再演示。
最后通过ReflectionMethod来调用类里面的method。
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						$data = array("id" => 1, "name" => "Chris", "biography" => "I am am a PHP developer"); foreach($data as $key => $value) {     if(!$class->hasProperty($key)) {         throw new Exception($key." is not a valid property");     }     if(!$class->hasMethod("get".ucfirst($key))) {         throw new Exception($key." is missing a getter");     }     if(!$class->hasMethod("set".ucfirst($key))) {         throw new Exception($key." is missing a setter");     }     // Make a new object to interact with     $object = new Person();     // Get the getter method and invoke it with the value in our data array     $setter = $class->getMethod("set".ucfirst($key));     $ok = $setter->invoke($object, $value);     // Get the setter method and invoke it     $setter = $class->getMethod("get".ucfirst($key));     $objValue = $setter->invoke($object);     // Now compare     if($value == $objValue) {         echo "Getter or Setter has modified the data.n";     } else {         echo "Getter and Setter does not modify the data.n";    } }  | 
					
有点意思。